Abstract:
Lignin makes up 10-25 percent of the lignocellulosic biomass making it the second most
abundant naturally occurring polymer. Lignin comprises three substituted phenol types, sinaply,
p-coumaryl and coniferyl alcohols. It is a three dimensional cross-linked macromolecules. In this
paper, lignin focus was on the Lignin obtained from rice straws one of the lignocellulosic
materials with high content. Rice straws have unique characteristics due to silica content in them
The paper was intended to review the extraction and characterization of different methods of
Lignin obtained from rice straws. The extraction methods such as ultrasound-assisted extraction,
DES, hydrotropic treatment, organosolv extraction and soda-AQ were compared in yields of
Lignin obtained from rice straws. The characterization methods discussed included; Fourier
transformation infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), UV
spectroscopy and X-ray photo electron spectroscopy. It was discovered that the Lignin obtained
by ultrasound-assisted extraction from rice straws yielded the highest percentage compared to
other methods.
Key words: rice straw, Lignin, extraction, biomass, yield
